This instrument system typically consists of a pressure sensor that is fixed and a 'companion' with which the sensor communicates. The companion can then pass on the message to a satellite. The sensor could also relay information using high-speed cables. The DART system had the first major installation of these instruments. India is supposed to have 18 of these, but acts of vandalism over the last few years have resulted in only three of them being fully functional.
What?
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A tsunami warning system; the companions are the buoys that are floating on the surface of the ocean. Fishermen have been accused to stealing metal parts and solar panels from these buoys.