This is the cover of The Economist's 13th to 19th August 2011 issue and features the headline "Reviving the world economy".
The artwork on the cover is a modification of a very famous 17th century Dutch painting called "The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp. Dr. Nicolaes Tulp was a famous physician of his times and in this painting, he is lecturing on the musculature of the arm to fellow doctors.
Who is the famous artist who made this?